'Serious blow' for the English camp after Atkinson goes off with a hamstring injury.
The pace bowler increased England's injury problems when he left the field during Saturday's play in the Melbourne Test in the Ashes series.
The pace bowler experienced discomfort in his left leg post-delivery that he bowled on Saturday.
Team management stated Atkinson had experienced "tightness" and would spend time off the field for further assessment "during the day".
The final Test of the series in Sydney begins on Sunday, 4 January.
England have been without strike bowlers one seamer due to knee trouble and another paceman because of a side injury on the current trip.
Matthew Fisher was brought into the squad as injury reinforcement.
His form was underwhelming in the opening two Tests, managing only three wickets.
He was left out for the Adelaide match, then recalled for the Boxing Day match as Archer's replacement.
The county bowler improved at the MCG, taking two wickets in Australia's first innings, then making 28 as a batsman as one of just three England players to reach double figures.
Following a brief spell in Australia's second innings, he came back for the second day's play and dismissed the nightwatchman Scott Boland caught behind.
However, on the final ball of that over, he sent down a slower ball to the batsman and promptly felt his left hamstring.
Gus Atkinson was recalled for the fourth Ashes Test having missed the Adelaide game.
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